Table 1 Polyphenol and antioxidant content in the 100 richest foods (mg per 100 g or mg per 100 ml)

From: Identification of the 100 richest dietary sources of polyphenols: an application of the Phenol-Explorer database

Food

Food group

Polyphenols a

Polyphenols AE a

Antioxidants b

  

Content

Rank

Content

Rank

Content

Rank

Cloves

Seasonings

15 188

1

15 188

1

16 047

1

Peppermint, dried

Seasonings

11 960

2

7920

2

980

26

Star anise

Seasonings

5460

3

5460

3

1810

16

Cocoa powder

Cocoa products

3448

4

3294

4

1104

24

Mexican oregano, dried

Seasonings

2319

5

2137

5

Celery seed

Seasonings

2094

6

1007

10

Black chokeberry

Fruits

1756

7

1432

7

1752

17

Dark chocolate

Cocoa products

1664

8

1618

6

1860

13

Flaxseed meal

Seeds

1528c

9

1220c

8

Black elderberry

Fruits

1359

10

804

13

1950

12

Chestnut

Seeds

1215

11

1215

9

2757

9

Common sage, dried

Seasonings

1207

12

893

12

2920

8

Rosemary, dried

Seasonings

1018

13

522

14

2519

10

Spearmint, dried

Seasonings

956

14

491

18

6575

3

Common thyme, dried

Seasonings

878

15

464

19

1815

15

Lowbush blueberry

Fruits

836

16

496

15

471

35

Blackcurrant

Fruits

758

17

464

20

821

29

Capers

Seasonings

654

18

389

21

3600

6

Black olive

Vegetables

569

19

320

22

117

53

Highbush blueberry

Fruits

560

20

295

23

205

40

Hazelnut

Seeds

495

21

493

16

687

30

Pecan nut

Seeds

493

22

493

17

1816

14

Soy flour

Seeds

466

23

267

27

Plum

Fruits

377

24

285

24

411

35

Green olive

Vegetables

346

25

233

28

161

47

Sweet basil, dried

Seasonings

322

26

166

34

4317

4

Curry, powder

Seasonings

285

27

285

25

1075

25

Sweet cherry

Fruits

274

28

145

38

144

48

Globe artichoke heads

Vegetables

260

29

154

35

1142

23

Blackberry

Fruits

260

30

180

33

570

31

Roasted soybean

Seeds

246

31

153

36

Milk chocolate

Cocoa products

236

32

236

27

854

28

Strawberry

Fruits

235

33

205

29

268

36

Red chicory

Vegetables

235

34

131

41

129

51

Red raspberry

Fruits

215

35

107

46

980

27

Coffee, filter

Non-alcoholic beverages

214

36

110

45

267

37

Ginger, dried

Seasonings

202

37

202

30

473

32

Whole grain hard wheat flour

Cereals

201c

38

201c

21

186

46

Prune

Fruits

194

39

100

49

1195

21

Almond

Seeds

187

40

185

32

191

45

Black grape

Fruits

169

41

124

42

205

41

Red onion

Vegetables

168

42

99

50

91

60

Green chicory

Vegetables

166

43

117

44

Common thyme, fresh

Seasonings

163

44

118

43

1173

23

Refined maize flour

Cereals

153c

45

153c

37

102

59

Soy, tempeh

Seeds

148

46

101

48

Whole grain rye flour

Cereals

143c

47

143c

39

72

66

Apple

Fruits

136

48

136

40

205

42

Spinach

Vegetables

119

49

68

55

248

38

Shallot

Vegetables

113

50

67

56

115

54

Lemon verbena, dried

Seasonings

106

51

106

47

Black tea

Non-alcoholic beverages

102

52

90

52

104

58

Red wine

Alcoholic beverages

101

53

91

51

215

39

Green tea

Non-alcoholic beverages

89

54

82

53

62

67

Soy yogurt

Seeds

84

55

51

60

Yellow onion

Vegetables

74

56

49

61

75

64

Soy meat

Seeds

73

57

47

63

Whole grain wheat flour

Cereals

71c

58

71c

54

90

61

Pure apple juice

Non-alcoholic beverages

68

59

61

57

34

75

Pure pomegranate juice

Non-alcoholic beverages

66

60

37

64

204

43

Extra-virgin olive oil

Oils

62

61

33

67

55

70

Black bean

Seeds

59

62

36

66

1390

20

Peach

Fruits

59

63

54

59

107

57

Pure blood orange juice

Non-alcoholic beverages

56

64

28

71

72

67

Cumin

Seasonings

55

65

55

58

2038

11

Pure grapefruit juice

Non-alcoholic beverages

53

66

23

76

54

72

White bean

Seeds

51

67

31

69

138

49

Chinese cinnamon

Seasonings

48

68

48

62

Pure blond orange juice

Non-alcoholic beverages

46

69

20

81

Broccoli

Vegetables

45

70

21

79

198

44

Redcurrant

Fruits

43

71

23

77

448

36

Soy tofu

Seeds

42

72

25

74

Pure lemon juice

Non-alcoholic beverages

42

73

20

82

Whole grain oat flour

Cereals

37c

74

37c

65

82

65

Apricot

Fruits

34

75

15

85

133

53

Caraway

Seasonings

33

76

33

68

2913

7

Refined rye flour

Cereals

31c

77

31c

70

45

74

Asparagus

Vegetables

29

78

11

90

75

65

Walnut

Seeds

28

79

28

71

1576

19

Potato

Vegetables

28

80

15

86

54

73

Ceylan cinnamon

Seasonings

27

81

27

73

9070

2

Parsley, dried

Seasonings

25

82

25

75

1584

18

Nectarine

Fruits

25

83

20

83

55

71

Curly endive

Vegetables

24

84

15

87

Marjoram, dried

Seasonings

23

85

22

78

3,846

5

Red lettuce

Vegetables

23

86

14

88

114

58

Chocolate beverage with milk

Non-alcoholic beverages

21

87

21

80

Quince

Fruits

19

88

12

89

Endive (Escarole)

Vegetables

18

89

11

91

Soy milk

Non-alcoholic beverages

18

90

11

92

Pure pummelo juice

Non-alcoholic beverages

18

91

7.9

97

Rapeseed oil

Oils

17

92

17

84

18

78

Pear

Fruits

17

93

11

93

108

59

Soybean sprout

Seeds

15

94

10

95

Green grape

Fruits

15

95

7.6

98

122

55

Carrot

Vegetables

14

96

6.6

100

58

71

Vinegar

Seasonings

13

97

11

94

Soy cheese

Seeds

12

98

7.6

99

White wine

Alcoholic beverages

10

99

8.6

96

32

77

Rosé wine

Alcoholic beverages

10

100

7.8

98

82

63

  1. Abbreviation: AE, (polyphenols as) aglycone equivalents.
  2. a Sum of the content of individual polyphenols as determined by chromatography and of proanthocyanidin oligomers as determined by direct-phase high-performance liquid chromatography.
  3. b Determined by the Folin assay. Some foods with a high antioxidant content as determined by the Folin assay are not included in the table due the absence of documented data on their polyphenol content as obtained by chromatography. Their antioxidant contents are as follows: lentils (6553 mg/100 g), dried oregano (5452 mg/100 g), dried summer savory (4512 mg/100 g), dried sweet bay (4170 mg/100 g), dried camomile (2483 mg/100 g), dried coriander (2260 mg/100 g), fenugreek (2250 mg/100 g), dried winter savory (1880 mg/100 g), pistachio (1490 mg/100 g), hyssop (1623 mg/100 g), red swiss chard leaves (1320 mg/100 g), dried dill (1250 mg/100 g), raisin (1065 mg/100 g), broad bean seeds (1039 mg/100 g), black pepper spice (1000 mg/100 g), fresh peppermint (980 mg/100 g), black raspberry (980 mg/100 g), fig (960 mg/100 g), fresh oregano (953 mg/100 g), fresh lemon balm (900 mg/100 g), fenugreek seed (830 mg/100 g), white swiss chard leaves (830 mg/100 g), white pepper spice (780 mg/100 g), fresh tarragon (570 mg/100 g), peanut butter (536 mg/100 g), bilberry (525 mg/100 g), dried date (488 mg/100 g), green pepper spice (380 mg/100 g).
  4. c Polyphenol content determined by chromatography after hydrolysis of the glycosides and esters.